Basic Science Seminars in Neurology
نویسندگان
چکیده
D espite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis, we still lack a consensus regarding the causes, pathogenesis, and mechanisms of disease progression. Current evidence indicates that multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder in which both adaptive and innate immunity play important roles in initiation and maintenance of the disease. Recent evidence supports the notion of molecular pathologic abnormalities beyond the plaques and dysfunction of neurons in normal appearing areas, in addition to the multifocal demyelination and axonal loss, as important features that may underlie early reversible changes in the disease. Chronic failure of remyelination, axonal regeneration, and neuronal dysfunction may contribute to disease progression. This article discusses the emerging molecular evidence for the progression of multiple sclerosis with particular focus on alterations in the local central nervous system microenvironment of neural and glial cells. The molecular pathways leading to structural and functional neurodegeneration and those that prevent regeneration need to be identified in order to design new therapeutic strategies that can halt or even reverse disease progression. Arch Neurol. 2006;63:25-33
منابع مشابه
The relationship between sleep and epilepsy.
Seizures occur extensively during sleep or on awakening in a substantial proportion of patients with epilepsy. Interictal epileptiform discharges are also influenced by sleep and sleep deprivation. Continuous spike-waves in slow-wave sleep are the hallmark of Landau-Kleffner syndrome and ESES (Electrical Status in Slow Sleep). Sleep deprivation is known to influence not only the occurrence but ...
متن کاملImproving shoulder and elbow function in children with Erb's palsy.
Many children who sustain birth injuries to the brachial plexus suffer significant functional limitations due to various sequelae affecting the shoulder and elbow or forearm. The maintenance of full passive mobility during the period of neurological recovery is essential for normal joint development. Early surgical correction of shoulder contractures and subluxations reduces permanent deformity...
متن کاملPreoperative evaluation of patients with neurological disease.
A thorough evaluation of patients with neurological diseases undergoing surgery can reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality, especially stroke. Various neurological disorders and neurosurgical procedures may influence the nature and extent of preoperative evaluation, selection and conduct of anesthesia, and perioperative management and care. Although anesthesiologists primarily perform a p...
متن کاملConducting correlation seminars in basic sciences at KIST Medical College, Nepal
KIST Medical College is a new medical school in Lalitpur, Nepal. In Nepal, six basic science subjects are taught together in an integrated organ system-based manner with early clinical exposure and community medicine. Correlation seminars are conducted at the end of covering each organ system. The topics are decided by the core academic group (consisting of members from each basic science depar...
متن کامل